3211

A data stream for IBM line printers that typically contains EBCDIC text characters and control characters.

37x5

Represents the series of IBM FEPs, such as 3705, 3725, 3745, etc.

AFP

Advanced Function Printing (IBM)

AFPDS

Advanced Function Printing Data Stream (IBM)

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

APA

All Points Addressability

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

AT

Advanced Technology

BIOS

Basic Input/Output System

BPIA

Buffered Parallel Input Adapter

BSD

Berkeley Software Distribution

BUS/TAG

An interface between mainframe computers and peripherals consisting of two physical connections. The BUS connection carries data signals (for example, numbers, characters, and status information). The TAG connection carries control signals to synchronize communication between the host and a peripheral device.

carriage control

Commands that control carriage return (go to the beginning of the line) and line feed (go to the next line).

CCR

Code Conversion RAM

CCW

Channel Command Word

centralized printer

A high-volume printer that is generally channel-attached (but sometimes remotely attached) to a host, supporting line mode, DJDE, and Metacode data streams.

channel

A means for exchanging information. In mainframe terms, a communications link to external devices.

cluster

A group of printer feed trays, usually containing the same size and type of paper.

CME

Copy Modification Entry (Xerox)

CMYK

Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black (color system)

code page

A font library member name associating code points and character names.

concatenate

To link objects (such as files or characters) together sequentially.

configuration

Components that make up a system.

connectivity

A state that allows transfer of electrical signals from source to destination.

COR

Computer Output Reduction (AS/400)

CR

Carriage Return

crash

A breakdown resulting from hardware or software malfunction.

DDI

Dynamic Document Interface (Xerox)

DDML

Digital Document Markup Language is a schema language for XML documents.

default

A predetermined option the system uses if the user does not specify an option.

demand publishing

The publication of only the required quantity at a given time; immediate production of a document stored in electronic form.

disk cache

A memory location used to store frequently accessed data.

disk-interleaved graphics

A method of conveying graphics to a printer. The image information is included in the data stream for the page on which it will be printed. In this method, the image data is not processed by the input task of the printer. Instead, it goes directly to the output task of the printer. Xerox refers to these as D-mode images. See page-interleaved graphics.

dithering

Creates the illusion of varying shades of gray tones (in black and white printing) or color tones by manipulating the pattern of dots that are printed.

DJDE

Dynamic Job Descriptor Entry (Xerox)

DLL

Dynamic Link Library

DMA

Direct Memory Access

domain

A text string that helps users to identify computer systems.

dot

Represents a fraction of an inch (as in 300 dots per inch). Also used in place of pel or pixel to represent the smallest printable unit.

dott

The value (in pixels) that represents a position on the laser scan axis of a sheet of paper. See scan.

DPI

Dots Per Inch

DRAIN

A command on a Xerox printer that causes the printing of the pages in the printer's memory buffer. It is used to print smaller jobs immediately, instead of waiting for the memory timeout to start printing.

D-shell connector

A cabling component, shaped somewhat like a capital letter D, that houses mating contacts for a connector on the PC or another device.

duplex

Printing on both sides of paper in one print job.

EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

EPS

Encapsulated PostScript

escapement

The lateral positioning of characters or font families.

ESS

Electronic Subsystem (Xerox system controller)

exception

A problem that causes processing to stop. Usually, an exception causes the computer to use a different routine to address the problem.

FCB

Forms Control Buffer (Xerox)

FCFC

First Character Form Control

FCU

File Conversion Utility

FEP

Front End Processor

FIB

A filename extension denoting a special font information file for Twinax Laser Printer emulation.

FIB

Font Information Block

FIFO

First In First Out

FLR

Fixed-Length Record

FNT

Font (Xerox)

FNT

A compiled Xerox font resource file.

font

A set of printing characters that have common characteristics such as style, width, height, and weight.

form

An electronically composed arrangement of predefined lines, boxes, text, logos, and embedded text that may be printed as is or merged with data during the printing process.

FRM

A compiled Xerox form resource file.

FRM

Form (Xerox)

FSL

Forms Source Library (Xerox)

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

GB

Gigabyte

GFID

Global Font ID (also FGID)

GHO

Graphics Handling Option

graceful default

A feature of a printer that ignores commands it does not support.

GUI

Graphical User Interface

hang

When a computer or printer stops responding.

HPGL

Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language

IJPDS

Ink Jet Print Description Language is an ink jet print format for Kodak digital printers

I/O

Input/Output

IMG

Image (Xerox)

IMG

A compiled Xerox image resource file.

IPDS

Intelligent Print Data Stream (IBM)

IPX/SPX

A Novell NetWare communications protocol.

ISA

Industry Standard Architecture

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

JCL

Job Control Language (IBM)

JDE

Job Descriptor Entry (Xerox)

JDF

Job Definition Format is a comprehensive XML-based file format/proposed industry standard for end-to-end job ticket specifications combined with a message description standard and message interchange protocol.

JDL

Job Descriptor Library (Xerox)

JES

Job Entry Subsystem (mainframe)

job

A set of instruction for a unit of work; everything that is printed because of one start command.

JSL

Job Source Library (Xerox)

jumper

A small, removable plastic cap on connector pins that acts as a switch: On is indicated when the jumper covers both pins; Off is indicated when the jumper covers only one of the pins (or is completely removed).

KB

Kilobyte

KSL

Key Source Library

LAN

Local Area Network

LCDS

Line Conditioned Data Stream

LEF

Long-Edge Feed

legacy

Refers to data or documents in an older format.

LF

Line Feed

LGO

Logo (Xerox)

LIFO

Last In First Out

lpd

Line Printer Daemon

lpd

A service on Unix systems that provides for line printing tasks.

lpr

Line Printer Requested

lpr

An Internet remote line printer command.

LPS

Laser Printing System (Xerox)

LSB

Least Significant Byte

LU

Logical Unit (mainframe)

MB

Megabyte

Metacode

A Xerox-generated data stream that provides all-points-addressability on Xerox centralized printing systems. Metacode contains text, graphics, special commands, and Xerox Dynamic Job Descriptor Entries (DJDEs).

MFC

Multi Function Center is the name given to converged devices that can do printing, scanning, faxing and copying. These devices are often dependent on a computer to provide these functions.

MICR

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

monospace font

A font (like the fonts used on typewriters) in which each character has the same width.

MSB

Most Significant Byte

MSD

Microsoft Diagnostic

MVS

Multiple Virtual Storage (mainframe)

NCP

Network Control Program

NDIS

Network Driver Interface System

NDS

NetWare Directory Services (Novell)

NIC

Network Interface Card

NPS

Network Printer System

OCR

Optical Character Recognition

ODI

Object Device Interface

OfficeVision

An IBM AS/400 software application used mainly for word processing.

offline

Describes devices not under the control of a CPU (e.g. a tape drive or SDI unit).

online

Describes devices under the control of a CPU (e.g. a printer being run by a mainframe).

OS

Operating System

page-interleaved graphics

A method of conveying graphics to a printer. The image information is included in the data stream for the page on which it will be printed. In this method, the image data is processed by the input task of the printer. See disk-interleaved graphics.

parity error

An error detected when the parity (the number of zeros and ones in binary data) of transmitted or stored data is compared with the parity of the source data. This error indicates corrupt data.

partition

A discrete section of memory that works like an independent memory unit.

patch

A small amount of computer code to fix a problem in a version of an operating system or program.

path

A group of SP/D modules that take data from an input, convert it into an appropriate format, and send it to an output device.

PC

Personal Computer

PCC

Printer Carriage Control

PCI

Peripheral Component Interconnect

PCL

Printer Control Language (Hewlett-Packard)

PDD

Page Device Dictionary (PostScript)

PDE

Print Descriptor Entry (Xerox)

PDF

Portable Document Format (Adobe)

PDF/A

Electronic document file format for long term preservation or archiving.

PDL

Page Description Language

ping

A command that sends an echo request to a host with the expectation of a reply.

pitch

Horizontal character spacing.

pixel

The smallest mark that can be printed.

PJL

Printer Job Language (Hewlett-Packard)

platen

The cylindrical paper roller on an impact printer.

PostScript

An Adobe graphic page description language used for desktop publishing applications.

PPD

PostScript Printer Description file

PPML

Personalized Print Markup Language is an XML-based industry standard printer language for variable data printing. PPML is an open, interoperable, device-independent standard designed to enable the widespread use of personalized print applications.

PSF

Print Services Facility (mainframe)

PTF

Program Temporary Fix (AS/400)

PU

Physical Unit (mainframe)

queue

An ordered list of jobs or reports waiting to be printed or spooled.

RAM

Random Access Memory

raster

An image described on a dot-by-dot basis.

record

One line of data on a page; a collection of data treated as a unit.

RGB

Red, Green, Blue (color system)

rollover

A condition where the operating system of the printer has stopped running and the printer needs to be re-booted.

RSTACK

A special record that a Xerox printer uses to identify the end of a report or print job.

scan

The value (in pixels) that represents a position on the paper motion axis of a sheet of paper. See dott.

SCI

Start Command Index (Xerox)

SCS

SNA Character Stream

SCSI

Small Computer System Interface

SDI

Shared Disk Interface (Xerox)

SEF

Short-Edge Feed

service

A background application that supports other programs at a low level.

SNA

System Network Architecture

softfont

A font embedded in print data.

SP/D

Solimar® Print/Director

SPDE

Solimar® Print Director™ Enterprise

SRxSHELL

A previous version of the Solimar® Print/Director System.

SSP

Set Start Point

target

A route of one or more SP/D paths to manage print jobs for one output device.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Tee Cable

A cable that allows several devices to connect to the same interface (daisy-chained). The cable commonly has a stub that connects to a PC or other device, and another component that links cable segments between devices.

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format

TLE

A tag logical llement structured field assigns an attribute name and an attribute value to a page or page group.

Tumble-Duplex

A method of printing where the duplex-side of a page is printed from bottom to top rather than top to bottom.

Twinax

A fast, reliable, and inexpensive cabling system.

two-up

Two logical pages printed on one side of a single sheet.

typographic font

An AS/400 proportional font.

UPS

Uninterruptible Power Supply

USS

Unformatted Systems Services

Variable Block Record

A data format. Within each block of data there may be several records. Each record has a four byte header defining its length. Also, the entire block has a header defining the block's length.

Variable Length Record

A data format similar to Variable Block Record, except that it has no header defining block length. Also called Variable Record.

VBR

Variable Block Record

VGA

Video Graphics Adapter

VLR

Variable Length Record (also called Variable Record)

VTAM

Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (mainframe)

WAN

Wide Area Network

watermark

A design impressed on paper to indicate quality or trademark.

WCS

Writable Control Storage

XDPE

Xerox Document Print Executive